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"419" Scam – Advance Fee / Fake Lottery Scam

The so-called "419" scam is a type of fraud dominated by criminals from Nigeria and other countries in Africa. Victims of the scam are promised a large amount of money, such as a lottery prize, inheritance, money sitting in some bank account, etc.

Victims never receive this non-existent fortune but are tricked into sending their money to the criminals, who remain anonymous. They hide their real identity and location by using fake names and fake postal addresses as well as communicating via anonymous free email accounts and mobile phones.

Keep in mind that scammers DO NOT use their real names when defrauding people.
The criminals either abuse names of real people or companies or invent names or addresses.
Any real people or companies mentioned below have NO CONNECTION to the scammers!

Read more about such scams here or in our 419 FAQ. Use the Scam-O-Matic to verify suspect emails.

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Some comments by the Scam-O-Matic about the following email:

Fraud email example:

From: "CATHERINE SHAFFER" (may be fake)
Reply-To: <catthyssffer@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 9 Apr 2019 09:09:01 +0200
Subject: INVESTMENT

Hello,
My name is Catherine Shaffer, a USA citizen living in Madrid, Spain.
I have plans to invest in your country and I need a partner. Can you
invest $US10.2 million in a profitable venture? Do you know of any
line of business that is lucrative in your country? Can you handle an
investment of this magnitude? If your answer is yes, then contact me
through my private email address for more details. My email address
is: catthyssffer@gmail.com

Regards,
Catherine Shaffer

Anti-fraud resources: